Trimethyl<wbr/>amine N-oxide

Trimethylamine N-oxide

CAT N°: 17354
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From 48.00 40.80

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite of choline, phosphatidylcholine, and L-carnitine (Item No. 21489).{54307} It is formed by gut microbiota-mediated metabolism of choline, phosphatidylcholine, and L-carnitine to TMA followed by oxidation of TMA by flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) in the liver.{54307,54308,32692} Dietary administration of TMAO (0.12% w/w) increases renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, collagen deposition, and Smad3 phosphorylation in mice and increases aortic lesion area in atherosclerosis-prone ApoE-/- mice.{54307,54309} Plasma levels of TMAO are elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease and decreased in patients with active, compared with inactive, ulcerative colitis.{54307,54308} Elevated plasma levels of TMAO are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.{54309}

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