TIM-3 Extracellular Domain (huma

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TIM-3 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant)

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Cat No: 32011

Proteins - More Proteins

TIM-3 is a member of the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing (TIM) protein family of immunoregulatory proteins and is encoded by the HAVCR2 gene in humans.{55230} It is a transmembrane protein composed of an N-terminal immunoglobulin var...

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Territorial Availability: Available through Bertin Technologies only in France

Correlated keywords:

CD-366 KIM3 TIM3 TIM-D3 TIMD-3 HAVCR-2 CEACAM-1

Product Overview:
TIM-3 is a member of the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing (TIM) protein family of immunoregulatory proteins and is encoded by the HAVCR2 gene in humans.{55230} It is a transmembrane protein composed of an N-terminal immunoglobulin variable (IgV) domain, as well as mucin stalk, transmembrane, and C-terminal cytoplasmic tail domains. The IgV domain contains cysteine residues that form non-canonical intramolecular disulfide bonds resulting in a cleft and channel not found in non-TIM immunoglobulin domains that is important for non-canonical ligand binding.{52538} TIM-3 is expressed primarily on T cells but is also expressed on other immune cells such as natural killer and dendritic cells.{52539} The TIM-3 ligand galectin 9 (Item No. 32012), located on immune or tumor cells, binds to glycosylated sites of the IgV and mucin stalk domains and induces TIM-3 oligomerization to activate downstream signaling that impairs immune synapse formation and leads to T cell anergy or apoptosis.{55230} The TIM-3 IgV cleft domain binds non-canonical ligands, such as phosphatidylserine on apoptotic cells or CEACAM1 on antigen-presenting or tumor cells.{52538,55230,52539} TIM-3 is an inhibitory co-receptor that helps maintain immune tolerance but, when expressed on certain cells during chronic infection or cancer, can lead to immune exacerbation.{52539} Inhibition of the TIM-3 pathway by Tim-3 fusion or extracellular domain-only proteins prevents the induction of immune tolerance in a mouse islet allograft model or increases weight loss and tissue injury in a mouse model of TNBS-induced colitis, respectively.{52540,52541} Expression of TIM-3 is decreased in patients with autoimmune diseases, including ulcerative colitis.{55230,52542} TIM-3 is expressed on tumor-infiltrating T cells and expressed on a higher proportion of regulatory T cells from cancer patients.{55230} Its overexpression on T cells increases tumor progression in an EL4 mouse model of lymphoma, while TIM-3 inhibition decreases tumor growth in a mouse model of head and neck cancer. SNPs in HAVCR2 are associated with allergic diseases, immunity, and cancer. Cayman's TIM-3 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant) protein is a disulfide-linked homodimer. The reduced monomer, comprised of TIM-3 (amino acids 22-200) fused to mouse IgG1 Fc at its C-terminus, consists of 412 amino acids, has a calculated molecular weight of 46.2 kDa, and a predicted N-terminus of Ser22 after signal peptide cleavage. As a result of glycosylation, the monomer migrates at approximately 50-55 kDa by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

Size	100 µg
Shipping	dry ice
Formulation	Lyophilized from sterile 20 mM Tris, 150 mM sodium chloride, pH 8.5
Purity	≥ 90% estimated by SDS-PAGE
Custom Code	3504.00
UNSPSC code	12352202

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Cayman Chemical's mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health. Our utmost commitment to healthcare researchers is to offer the highest quality products with an affordable pricing policy.

Our scientists are experts in the synthesis, purification, and characterization of biochemicals ranging from small drug-like heterocycles to complex biolipids, fatty acids, and many others. We are also highly skilled in all aspects of assay and antibody development, protein expression, crystallization, and structure determination.

Over the past thirty years, Cayman developed a deep knowledge base in lipid biochemistry, including research involving the arachidonic acid cascade, inositol phosphates, and cannabinoids. This knowledge enabled the production of reagents of exceptional quality for cancer, oxidative injury, epigenetics, neuroscience, inflammation, metabolism, and many additional lines of research.

Our organic and analytical chemists specialize in the rapid development of manufacturing processes and analytical methods to carry out clinical and commercial GMP-API production. Pre-clinical drug discovery efforts are currently underway in the areas of bone restoration and repair, muscular dystrophy, oncology, and inflammation. A separate group of Ph.D.-level scientists are dedicated to offering Hit-to-Lead Discovery and Profiling Services for epigenetic targets. Our knowledgeable chemists can be contracted to perform complete sample analysis for analytes measured by the majority of our assays. We also offer a wide range of analytical services using LC-MS/MS, HPLC, GC, and many other techniques.

Accreditations
ISO/IEC 17025:2005
ISO Guide 34:2009

Cayman is a leader in the field of emerging drugs of abuse, providing high-purity Schedule I-V Controlled Substances to federally-licensed laboratories and qualified academic research institutions for forensic analyses. We are certified by ACLASS Accreditation Services with dual accreditation to ISO/IEC 17025:2005 and ISO Guide 34:2009.