Citrinin-13C13 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of citrinin (Item No. 11320) by GC- or LC-MS. Citrinin is a mycotoxin that has been found in Monascus and has diverse biological activities.{58148,58149,58150,58151} It is active against S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), rifampicin-resistant S. aureus, and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (MICs = 1.95, 3.9, 0.97, and 7.81 µg/ml, respectively), as well as the pathogenic yeast C. neoformans (MIC = 3.9 µg/ml).{58149} It is cytotoxic to a variety of cells in vitro, including bovine kidney cells and mice embryonic stem cells.{58151} Citrinin (30 µM) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells, effects that can be blocked by the antioxidant resveratrol.{58150} In contrast, citrinin reduces glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary rat cortical neurons at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1,000 nM and inhibits LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells at 0.625 to 40 µM.{58151} It is toxic to brine shrimp larvae (LD50 = 96 µg/ml), as well as to rats and mice with oral LD50 values of 50 and 87-105 mg/kg, respectively.{58149,58151} It induces reproductive abnormalities in male mice and toxic effects in the liver, kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tracts of various animals.{58151} Citrinin has been found in stored cereal grains, as well as beans, fruit, and herbs.
Territorial Availability: Available through Bertin Technologies only in France
Technical Warning: Bertin Technologies restricts the sale of this product to licensed controlled substance laboratories and qualified academic research institutions. Please contact us for further details.
Special Advice: Please check regulation status before ordering; additionel fees can apply.
| Size | 1.2 ml |
|---|---|
| Shipping | dry ice |
| Molecular formula | [13C]13H14O5 |
| Smiles | O[13C]([13C]1=[13CH]O[13C@H]([13CH3])[13C@@H]([13CH3])[13C]1=[13C]2[13CH3])=[13C]([13C](O)=O)[13C]2=O |
| Molecular weight | 263,2 |
| Formulation | A solution in acetonitrile |
| Purity | ≥98% |
| Custom code | 3822.19 |
| UNSPSC code | 12352100 |
Cayman Chemical’s mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health. Our utmost commitment to healthcare researchers is to offer the highest quality products with an affordable pricing policy.
Our scientists are experts in the synthesis, purification, and characterization of biochemicals ranging from small drug-like heterocycles to complex biolipids, fatty acids, and many others. We are also highly skilled in all aspects of assay and antibody development, protein expression, crystallization, and structure determination.
Over the past thirty years, Cayman developed a deep knowledge base in lipid biochemistry, including research involving the arachidonic acid cascade, inositol phosphates, and cannabinoids. This knowledge enabled the production of reagents of exceptional quality for cancer, oxidative injury, epigenetics, neuroscience, inflammation, metabolism, and many additional lines of research.
Our organic and analytical chemists specialize in the rapid development of manufacturing processes and analytical methods to carry out clinical and commercial GMP-API production. Pre-clinical drug discovery efforts are currently underway in the areas of bone restoration and repair, muscular dystrophy, oncology, and inflammation. A separate group of Ph.D.-level scientists are dedicated to offering Hit-to-Lead Discovery and Profiling Services for epigenetic targets. Our knowledgeable chemists can be contracted to perform complete sample analysis for analytes measured by the majority of our assays. We also offer a wide range of analytical services using LC-MS/MS, HPLC, GC, and many other techniques.
Accreditations
ISO/IEC 17025:2005
ISO Guide 34:2009
Cayman is a leader in the field of emerging drugs of abuse, providing high-purity Schedule I-V Controlled Substances to federally-licensed laboratories and qualified academic research institutions for forensic analyses. We are certified by ACLASS Accreditation Services with dual accreditation to ISO/IEC 17025:2005 and ISO Guide 34:2009.
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