Territorial Availability: Available through Bertin Technologies only in France
- Synonyms
- 4?-acetyl-N-[4-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyl]-[1,1?-biphenyl]-4-carboxamide
- Correlated keywords
- GR 103691 103,691 GR103,691 5HT 5HT1A
- Product Overview:
GR103691 is a dopamine D3 receptor antagonist (Ki = 0.32 nM).{64334} It is selective for dopamine D3 receptors over dopamine D1, D2, and D4 receptors (Kis = 398.11, 39.81, and 81 nM, respectively) and over the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT1A, ?1-adrenergic receptors, and M1 muscarinic receptors (Kis = 3.16, 12.59, and >1,000 nM, respectively).{64334,64335} GR103691 inhibits increases in locomotor activity induced by infusion of the GABAA and GABAC receptor agonist muscimol (Item No. 13667) into the rat ventral tegmental area (VTA; ED50 = 0.3 mg/kg) but not infusion into the substantia nigra zona reticulata (SNr; ED50 = >10 mg/kg).{64334} It increases the time rats spend in the light area of the light-dark exploration test and the open areas of the elevated plus maze without affecting locomotor activity, indicating anxiolytic-like behavior, when injected into the basolateral amygdala (BLA) at a dose of 5 pmol/animal.{64336}
Cayman Chemical’s mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health. Our utmost commitment to healthcare researchers is to offer the highest quality products with an affordable pricing policy.
Our scientists are experts in the synthesis, purification, and characterization of biochemicals ranging from small drug-like heterocycles to complex biolipids, fatty acids, and many others. We are also highly skilled in all aspects of assay and antibody development, protein expression, crystallization, and structure determination.
Over the past thirty years, Cayman developed a deep knowledge base in lipid biochemistry, including research involving the arachidonic acid cascade, inositol phosphates, and cannabinoids. This knowledge enabled the production of reagents of exceptional quality for cancer, oxidative injury, epigenetics, neuroscience, inflammation, metabolism, and many additional lines of research.
Our organic and analytical chemists specialize in the rapid development of manufacturing processes and analytical methods to carry out clinical and commercial GMP-API production. Pre-clinical drug discovery efforts are currently underway in the areas of bone restoration and repair, muscular dystrophy, oncology, and inflammation. A separate group of Ph.D.-level scientists are dedicated to offering Hit-to-Lead Discovery and Profiling Services for epigenetic targets. Our knowledgeable chemists can be contracted to perform complete sample analysis for analytes measured by the majority of our assays. We also offer a wide range of analytical services using LC-MS/MS, HPLC, GC, and many other techniques.
Accreditations
ISO/IEC 17025:2005
ISO Guide 34:2009
Cayman is a leader in the field of emerging drugs of abuse, providing high-purity Schedule I-V Controlled Substances to federally-licensed laboratories and qualified academic research institutions for forensic analyses. We are certified by ACLASS Accreditation Services with dual accreditation to ISO/IEC 17025:2005 and ISO Guide 34:2009.